ABSTRACT
This paper examines the relevance of the use of a single irradiation of lungs in treatment of pneumonia caused by a new coronavirus infection. Clinical observations are presented that demonstrate perspectives in the treatment of this disease. Patients with severe pneumonia who were prescribed LD-RT (low-dose radiation therapy) at a dose of 0.5-1.5 Gy showed shorter recovery times and no complications. This method of treatment has shown its effectiveness in a number of studies from different countries, predicting success and economic benefits in its further use and study. A literature search containing information on relevant studies was carried out in PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science and Google Scholar systems. Attention was focused on full-text articles given their general availability in a pandemic.Copyright © 2021 VIDAR Publishing House. All right reserved.
ABSTRACT
The research aimed to investigate the impact of introducing language learning software to university students in the learning environment influenced by COVID-19. It describes the results of an experience with adding daily activities in Elevate, a free language learning application marketed as brain training software for the undergraduate English curriculum. The experiment took place at RUDN University (Moscow, Russia) in 2021 during the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants were engaged in synchronous distance and face-to-face learning, depending on their location and the current epidemiological situation. Some students alternated between online and offline environments. Research methods included a theoretical analysis of current trends in language training and gamification. Statistical data were collected and processed using the university’s digital ecosystem. The research included quantitative data from the experiment and surveys, which consisted of multiple-choice, single-choice, and open-ended questions. The research sample included students from eight countries with the common european framework of reference for languages (CEFR) levels of English from B1 to C1. The research results show the effects of language learning software on students’ language proficiency (P). From the results of this research, it can be concluded that schools and universities can use multi-level feedback from participants to maximize the effectiveness of language training and diversify the range of activities included in the curriculum. The results also provide the theoretical basis for e-learning software development and represent a new contribution to the literature. Copyright © 2022 Novikov.
ABSTRACT
Aim. To evaluate the efficacy and safety of the use of KARMOLIS® DROPS in the rehabilitation of patients after COVID-19 infection. Material and methods. The study included and completed observation of 40 medical staff aged 20 to 60 years who had suffered from COVID-19 in a moderate to severe form. The follow-up period was 21 days. The study participants were divided into two groups. The main group (20 people) received KARMOLIS® DROPS. The control group (20 people) treatment was carried out without the use of KARMOLIS® DROPS. The effectiveness was evaluated according to a set of clinical and functional indicators. Results and discussion. Against the background of taking KARMOLIS® DROPS, reliable positive dynamics of the subjective assessment of shortness of breath (MRC scale) and the subjective assessment of sleep quality (Vane A.M. scale) were recorded in the main group. Subjective efficacy of the studied KARMOLIS ® DROPS was noted by almost all patients who underwent treatment, which is probably due to improved sleep and well-being by reducing autonomic reactions. Taking into account the data obtained during the study, KARMOLIS® DROPS can be used in the recovery process after COVID-19 as a component of comprehensive rehabilitation. Conclusion. The safety of using the herbal medicine KARMOLIS® DROPS was confirmed by the absence of adverse events and cases of decompensation of concomitant diseases during the study. Patients' emotionally positive perception of the drug ensured its high compliance. © 2022 Rostovskii Gosudarstvennyi Meditsinskii Universitet. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
This paper examines the relevance of the use of a single irradiation of lungs in treatment of pneumonia caused by a new coronavirus infection. Clinical observations are presented that demonstrate perspectives in the treatment of this disease. Patients with severe pneumonia who were prescribed LD-RT (low-dose radiation therapy) at a dose of 0.5-1.5 Gy showed shorter recovery times and no complications. This method of treatment has shown its effectiveness in a number of studies from different countries, predicting success and economic benefits in its further use and study. A literature search containing information on relevant studies was carried out in PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science and Google Scholar systems. Attention was focused on full-text articles given their general availability in a pandemic. © 2021 VIDAR Publishing House. All right reserved.
ABSTRACT
Aim. To evaluate mortality and risk factors for death in patients with COVID-19 who required admission to intensive care units (ICU) for respiratory support in Russia.Material and methods. In a retrospective study, we collected medical records of the consecutive ICU patients submitted by the local COVID-19 hospitals across Russia to the Federal Center at the Sechenov University (Moscow) betweenMarch 16 to May 3, 2020. All patients have completed their hospital stay (death or recovery). Diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia was established both by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and CT. In patients with inconclusive or negative results of PCR, the SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia was defined as severe acute respiratory infection with typical CT findings and no other obvious aetiology. We used Cox proportional hazards regression model adjusted for age, sex and other risk factors to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).Results. We studied 1522 ICU patients with SARS-CoV-2 induced acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), including 864 males and 658 females at the median age of 62 years. Nine hundred twenty two records (60.1%) were submitted from Moscow and Moscow province, and 600 records (39.4%) were received from the hospitals located in 70 regions of Russia. SARS-CoV-2 was verified by PCR in 995 (65.4%) patients. Among 1522 patients enrolled in the study,995 patients (65.4%) died, and 527 (34.6%) patients recovered. The most common causes of death were ARDS (93.2%), cardiovascular events (3.7%) and pulmonary embolism (1.0%). The mortality rate was low in patients with less severe pneumonia requiring oxygen therapy (10.1%). However, it increased significantly in patients who were placed on noninvasive or invasive ventilation (36.8% and 76.5%, respectively). Risk of death increased with age, and in males older than 50 years it was significantly higher than in females of similar age. In a unvariate analysis, arterial hypertension, coronary artery disease (CAD), history of stroke, atrial fibrillation, type 2 diabetes, obesity and malignancies were associated with an increased risk of death. However, only CAD (HR1.257, 95% CI 1.064-1.485, p=0.007), type 2 diabetes (HR1.300, 95% CI 1.131-1.494, p<0.0001) and obesity (HR1.347,95% CI 1.166-1.556, p<0.0001) retained statistical signicance in multiple factor analysis.Conclusion. In ICU patients with COVID-19, severity ofARDS (i.e. requirement in mechanical ventilation), age, malegender, CAD, obesity and type 2 diabetes were associatedwith a higher risk of death. Цель. Изучение летальности и факторов рискасмерти больных с COVID-19, госпитализированных для респираторной поддержки в отделения реанимации и интенсивной терапии(ОРИТ) лечебных учреждений Российской Федерации.Материал и методы. Ретроспективноеисследование было выполнено в Федеральномдистанционном консультативном центре анестезиологии и реаниматологии для взрослыхпациентов с COVID-19 на базе Первого МГМУим. И.М. Сеченова. В исследование включаливсех пациентов с известными исходами (смертьот любых причин или выздоровление) SARS-CoV-2 пневмонии, осложнившейся острым респираторным дистресс синдромом (ОРДС),которые были проконсультированы с 16 мартапо 3 мая 2020 г. Факторы риска смерти анализировали с помощью многофакторной регрессионной модели Кокса.Результаты. В исследование были включены 1522 пациента, 864 (56,8%) мужчины и 658(43,2%) женщин. Медиана возраста - 62 года.922 (60,6%) больных находились в ОРИТ стационаров Москвы и Московской области, 600(39,4%) - лечебных учреждений в 70 регионахРоссийской Федерации. У 995 (65,4%) больных диагноз SARS-CoV-2 инфекции был подтвержден с помощью ПЦР. Умерли 995 (65,4%)пациентов, выжили 527 (34,6%). Основнымипричинами смерти были ОРДС (93,2%), сердечно-сосудистые осложнения (3,7%) и тромбоэмболия легочной артерии (1,0%).Летальность была низкой у пациентов, находившихся на оксигенотерапии (10,1%), изначительно повышалась у больных, которыхприходилось переводить на неинвазивную(36,8%) или инвазивную (76,5%) вентиляциюлегких. Риск смерти увеличивался с возрастоми в возрастных группах старше 50 лет у мужчинбыл достоверно выше, чем у женщин. В однофакторных моделях заболеваниями, ассоциировавшимися с развитием летального исхода,были артериальная гипертония, ИБС, инсульт,фибрилляция предсердий, сахарный диабет 2типа, ожирение и солидные опухоли, однако вмногофакторной модели, построенной по всемпризнакам с коррекцией по полу и возрасту,статистическое значение сохранили толькоИБС (отношение рисков [ОР] 1,257, 95% доверительный интервал [ДИ] 1,064-1,485,p=0,007), сахарный диабет 2 типа (ОР 1,300,95% ДИ 1,131-1,494, p<0,0001) и ожирение(ОР 1,347, 95% ДИ 1,166-1,556, p<0,0001).Заключение. Основными факторами рискасмерти больных с COVID-19, переведенных вОРИТ для респираторной поддержки, былитяжесть ОРДС, прежде всего необходимость вИВЛ, пожилой возраст, мужской пол, а такжеИБС, ожирение и сахарный диабет 2 типа.
ABSTRACT
The research aims to explore ways of improving adaptability of international first-year university students based on the experience of making the transition from face-to-face learning to various online platforms during the nationwide pandemic lockdown in Russia in spring 2020. The research purpose is to analyze various sociocultural, technical and other challenges faced by international students after the one-day seamless transition to remote learning and their impact on the attendance record, motivation, academic performance and other quantitative and qualitative data. The research topic relevance is determined by the substantial rise in popularity of online learning, which had been demonstrating exponential growth even prior to the events of 2020, which further accelerated its expansion. The research methods integrate theoretical analysis of the current trends in online learning and its evolution as well as the strengths, weaknesses, threats and opportunities analysis. Statistical data was collected and processed using the University's digital ecosystem. The research data includes the results of the survey consisting of multiple-choice, single-choice and open-end questions, interviews with the students as well as the faculty and the background material. The research sample includes international first-year students from 12 countries with CEFR levels of the Russian language proficiency ranging from A1 to B1. The research findings show that the speed of adaptation to online learning depends on various psychological and technological factors as well as the students’ learning abilities. The findings lead to the conclusion that despite the efforts of the faculty to make this process a seamless one, some factors lie beyond its reach, which makes neutralizing the disadvantages of remote teaching time-consuming. The research results demonstrate the potential ways of improving online learning for all parties concerned by implementing such features as risk management plans, knowledge bases, focusing on making the content user-friendly and introducing other various quality-of-life improvements. © 2020, Association for Social Studies Educa. All rights reserved.